peru first timer
CuscoBefore You Travel
Documentation
Make sure your passport is valid for at least six months from your departure date from Peru. Many countries do not require a visa for tourism, but it’s important to check the specific entry requirements for your nationality.
Vaccines and Health
There are no mandatory vaccines to enter the country. However, if you're planning to visit the Amazon region, the yellow fever vaccine is recommended. Always carry insect repellent and a basic first-aid kit—especially if you're trekking or visiting Machu Picchu.
Travel Insurance
We strongly recommend getting international travel insurance, particularly if you'll be doing outdoor activities. It’s best to purchase insurance in your home country to ensure full coverage during your stay.
Appropriate Clothing
Peru has a wide range of microclimates, so your packing list will depend on the regions you visit:
4.1. Coast: The climate varies by season. In summer (December to March), pack light clothing for hot days and something warmer for cool nights. In winter (April to November), bring midweight clothing and a good jacket. [Recommended clothing for the coast]
4.2. Highlands (Sierra): Regardless of the season, always pack layers. Days are often sunny, but nights can get cold. Though the rainy season runs from January to March, rain can happen year-round. A waterproof jacket is always a good idea. [Recommended clothing for the highlands]
4.3. Jungle (Amazon): Expect warm, humid, tropical weather. Rain is common even on sunny days. [Recommended clothing for the jungle]
Specialized Gear: If you're planning any adventure activities, it's best to bring your own gear. If you're booking tours with an operator, make sure to ask what equipment is included. [Recommended basic adventure gear]
Geography of Peru
Peru is incredibly diverse in its geography, making it an ideal destination for travelers seeking a variety of experiences. The country is divided into three main regions, plus 24 departments (similar to U.S. states).
Coast
The narrow strip along the Pacific Ocean. The climate is dry and mild with very little rainfall.
Main cities: Lima, Trujillo, Piura, Ica.
Key sites: Costa Verde, Lima’s Plaza de Armas, Paracas, Huacachina, Caral, Chan Chan, Huaca del Sol y la Luna.
Popular activities: Surfing, food tours, archaeological and cultural visits.
Highlands (Sierra)
The central region of Peru, dominated by the Andes Mountains. The climate is dry and temperate, with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Main cities: Cusco, Arequipa, Puno, Huaraz, Ayacucho.
Key sites: Machu Picchu, Lake Titicaca, Sacred Valley, Colca Canyon.
Popular activities: Trekking, rural tourism, adventure sports.
Jungle (Amazon)
Located in the east, the Amazon covers over 60% of Peru's territory. The climate is warm and humid year-round.
Main cities: Iquitos, Puerto Maldonado, Tarapoto.
Popular activities: Ecotourism, wildlife spotting, river cruises, rainforest exploration.
While You’re Here
Connectivity
Peru has an extensive road network, though traffic can be slow. The Pan-American Highway connects the coast from north to south. In the highlands, travel is slower due to mountainous terrain.
Transportation
Distances can be long, so domestic flights are a good option. Still, public buses are a comfortable and high-quality alternative for certain routes.
Altitude Adjustment
If you're visiting cities like Cusco, Arequipa, Huaraz, or Puno, altitude sickness is a real possibility. Take it easy for the first day or two, stay hydrated, avoid heavy meals, and consider drinking coca tea.
Peruvian Cuisine
Peru is Latin America's most celebrated culinary destination. Thanks to its biodiversity and cultural richness, the country offers one of the most varied and flavorful cuisines in the world.
Local flavors
Must-try dishes include ceviche, lomo saltado, ají de gallina, papa a la huancaína, and causa limeña. In recent years, Peruvian cuisine has embraced global influences and expanded its range of flavors.
Spices and seasoning
Some dishes are heavily seasoned, which may be intense for sensitive stomachs. We recommend dining at reputable restaurants that cater to international visitors.
Vegetarian/Vegan options
Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa offer a growing number of veggie-friendly restaurants. In rural areas, fresh vegetables are common, but protein substitutes like tofu may be harder to find.
Water safety
Always drink bottled water. Avoid ice unless you’re in a trusted hotel or restaurant.
Reservations
Peru’s culinary scene is so renowned that many travelers visit just for the food. Make your reservations well in advance at top restaurants. [Recommended restaurants by destination]
Must-See Places
- Lima: Miraflores, Barranco, museums, and its food scene
- Cusco & Machu Picchu: A classic, unmissable duo
- Sacred Valley: Pisac, Ollantaytambo, Moray, and Maras
- Arequipa: Historic city center and Colca Canyon
- Puno: Lake Titicaca and the floating islands
- Amazon region: Starting from Iquitos or Puerto Maldonado
These are Peru’s most popular tourist spots, but at Explorandes we specialize in alternative routes—offering more intimate, eco-conscious, and less crowded experiences.
Culture & Customs
Peruvians are warm and welcoming. A smile and friendly greeting go a long way.
- Haggling is common in markets but should always be done respectfully.
- Respect local customs, especially in Indigenous and rural communities.
By following this guide and the advice of your local guides, you’re set for an unforgettable journey.
